TT Visa (spouse or parent of a Vietnamese citizen) (Vietnam): Requirements
Vietnam residence route
TT Visa (spouse or parent of a Vietnamese citizen)
Americans married to a Vietnamese citizen, or with a Vietnamese child, which is the cleanest long-term route.
- Income threshold
- No income test
- Minimum age
- None
- Validity
- Up to three years as a temporary residence card, renewable.
- Permanent residence
- Permanent residence is available to spouses of Vietnamese citizens after three years, and is granted more readily on this basis than any other.
- Processing
- 2 to 4 months
The financial test in detail
No income test. Sponsorship by the Vietnamese family member.
What the status gives you
- Work rights
- With a work permit.
- Citizenship
- Possible for spouses after five years, though Vietnam generally requires renunciation of the previous nationality.
- Government fees
- Visa: 145 USD.
Your document checklist for this route
7 documents in total, of which 3 need authentication: 1 through the U.S. Department of State and 2 through a Secretary of State. All authenticated documents also need certified translation into Vietnamese.
- U.S. passport Identity and the physical book the visa is placed in. Lead time: Routine renewal takes weeks; check current published times
- Passport-format photographs Every application. Specifications differ by country and are enforced strictly. Lead time: Same day
- National long-stay visa application form The core filing. Almost always country-specific and often only valid if printed from the consulate portal. Lead time: Same day
- FBI Identity History Summary (background check) U.S. Department of State, Office of Authentications (federal) Apostille Almost every retirement and long-stay residence visa requires a national-level police clearance. For Americans that means the FBI Identity History Summary, not a local police letter, because consulates want a federal record covering all 50 states. Lead time: 1 to 10 days to obtain, then federal authentication
- Certified birth certificate Secretary of State for the issuing state Apostille Proves identity, nationality and, where relevant, family relationships for dependants. Lead time: 3 to 20 days depending on state
- Certified marriage certificate Secretary of State for the issuing state Apostille Required whenever a spouse is included as a dependant, and to prove joint income or joint savings. Lead time: 3 to 20 days
- Certified translation of the authenticated set Non-English-speaking destinations require the document and its apostille translated by a translator they recognise. Lead time: 2 to 7 days
Why applications on this route fail
- The marriage must be registered in Vietnam, which itself requires apostilled and translated U.S. documents including a single-status affidavit.
Apply here
- Vietnam Immigration Department Family sponsorship categories.
- 1 Obtain the record Order certified copies from the issuing authority. Do not use photocopies, scans or hospital souvenir certificates.
- 2 Notarise if required Letters and affidavits need a notary acknowledgement before any state can authenticate them. Government-issued vital records do not.
- 3 County clerk (some states) A handful of states require the county clerk to certify the notary commission before the Secretary of State will act.
- 4 Authenticate State-issued documents go to the Secretary of State of the issuing state. Federal documents go to the U.S. Department of State Office of Authentications.
- 5 Apostille or legalise Hague Convention destination: an apostille finishes the chain. Non-Hague destination: the document then goes to that country embassy or consulate for legalisation. For Vietnam the apostille ends the chain.
- 6 Certified translation Translate the document together with its apostille. Translating first means paying twice.
- 7 File with the consulate Book the appointment at the consulate with jurisdiction over your state of residence and bring originals plus copies.
The expensive mistake: translating before the document is authenticated. The apostille or legalisation certificate is itself part of what the receiving government reads, so it has to be inside the translation. Do it the other way round and you pay for the same translation twice.
TT Visa (spouse or parent of a Vietnamese citizen): common questions
How much income do I need for the TT Visa (spouse or parent of a Vietnamese citizen)?
There is no published income test on this route. No income test. Sponsorship by the Vietnamese family member.
Can I work on this visa?
With a work permit. This is the field applicants most often misread, and in several countries remote work for a U.S. employer counts as work performed locally.
What documents need an apostille?
For this route we count 3 documents needing authentication: 1 federal, through the U.S. Department of State, and 2 state-issued, through the Secretary of State of the issuing state. Vietnam is a Hague Convention country, so an apostille completes the chain.
How long does it take?
2 to 4 months
Does it lead to permanent residence?
Permanent residence: Permanent residence is available to spouses of Vietnamese citizens after three years, and is granted more readily on this basis than any other.. Citizenship: Possible for spouses after five years, though Vietnam generally requires renunciation of the previous nationality..
Verified Sep 7, 2026
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This resource is provided free by Federal Apostille as an educational tool. It is not legal, tax, immigration or financial advice, and no attorney-client relationship is created by using it. Immigration rules, income thresholds, fees and processing times change frequently and often without notice, and consulates apply them differently. Always confirm current requirements with the official government source and the specific consulate that has jurisdiction over your U.S. state of residence before you act. Every figure on this site carries the date we last verified it and a link to the primary source.
